Waterways (HAD)

Contrary to the representations in previous atlases and official maps, it was waived to classify inland waterways according to administrative affiliation or the usual classification scheme, which is primarily determined by ship-technical data. The Atlas panel focuses on hydrological aspects: The distinction of inland waterways into free flowing river routes, stag-regulated river routes and canal routes, as well as the change of continuity by hydraulic installations. They have an impact on the navigability and on hydrological aspects of the waters such as water level management, drainage retention, drainage retention, catchment hydrology and regional water balance. As a rule, the flowing waters are straightened and thus shortened the watercourse, the shores are fortified and the depths of the waters artificially increased. For deepening the channel are often used baffles, which narrow the water cross-section of the running water. Canals connecting different catchment areas also cause water overflows between the catchment areas. Locks and ship hoists are used to overcome larger gradients. The Lüneburg ship lift on the Elbe canal reaches the transition between the Elbniederung and Geest plates with 38 m lifting height. Traffic jams in rivers are also often used to generate energy from hydropower. Barriers and weirs serve near the coast of the inland waters opposite the tidal sea. In special cases, pumping plants can reverse the natural drain.