Observations hydro-meteo ground stations

Sensors data from the ground stations of the regionally owned hydro-pluviometric weather monitoring network. These data are mainly used for meteorological weather monitoring, which allow to observe and monitor the meteorological phenomena in place and used to support the surveillance activity within the National Alert System, and therefore for civil protection purposes. The current consistency of the network is about 4500 stations in telemeters, and in particular 2000 rain gauges, 1130 hydrometers and 3500 other sensors (thermometers, anemometers, etc.). The rain gauges have a sampling time that varies between 1 minute and one hour and a “latency time” generally of 30-40 minutes (time that elapses between the moment of measurement and the moment of availability of the data to the operator). The measurements detected by the sensors mounted on the stations are transmitted, through various telecommunication systems, to intermediate monitoring stations, then to the regional processing plants and then sent to the server of the Civil Protection Department through a properly redundant transmission system. At each functional center of each region, which is connected to all others through a distributed hardware and software network, the measurements are elaborated and displayed to allow operators to analyse the current situation. The management and maintenance of the weather-hydro-pluviometric networks is shared between the state and each region.