Data Package: Task 8.2 – Dataset – Dyadic Return and Readmission Frameworks and Enforced Return Rates in Europe

This data package includes the dataset on Dyadic Return and Reamidssion Frameworks and Enforced Return Rates in Europe. This dataset is linked to this publication: Torres Chedraui, A.M., Leerkes, A., Maliepaard, M., & Van Der Meer, M. (2025). ‘Nothing Works’? A Quantitative Assessment of the Effects of Different Types of Return and Readmission Frameworks on EU Member States’ Enforced Return Rates, JCMS Journal of Common Market Studies,  https://doi.org/10.1111/jcms.13744 This dataset was compiled using the following public sources: Cassarino, J. (2022) ‘Inventory of the Bilateral Agreements Linked to Readmission [Dataset]’. Harvard Dataverse. https://doi.org/10.7910/DVN/VKBCBR European Migration Network. (2022) ‘Inventory on Bilateral Readmission Agreements Signed by or Entered Into Force in EU Member States in 2014–2021 [Dataset]’. Retrieved from:https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/system/files/2022-10/EMN_inventory_for_bilateral_readmission.pdf. Eurostat. (2024a) ‘Third Country Nationals Ordered to Leave – Annual Data (Rounded) [Dataset]’. Retrieved from: https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/product/page/MIGR_EIORD__custom_4257524. Eurostat. (2024b) ‘Third Country Nationals Returned Following an Order to Leave – Annual Data (Rounded) [Dataset]’. Retrieved from: https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/product/page/MIGR_EIRTN__custom_4257928.   The following characteristics describe this data package:  19 variables 64,016 observations (but 22,823 observations where the dependent variable is not equal to missing value) Data type: tabular Data Format: .csv .dta .do Data size: <1GB. Software used to clean the data and run the models: Stata