EJP SOIL SANCHOSTHIRST Soil Dataset – Robles / Montilla (Córdoba)

This dataset corresponds to the Robles / Montilla (Córdoba) site within the H2020 EJP-SOIL project SANCHOSTHIRST, which investigates soil degradation and the long-term effects of cover crops in semi-arid vineyards and olive orchards. The site is located on marls, silts, and muds and classified as a Calcaric Vertisol with clay loam texture. Soil samples were collected once in autumn 2023 at 10 cm and 30 cm depth in two vineyards, one under spontaneous cover crops for more than 20 years, and the other one managed by tillage. The dataset includes soil physicochemical and biological indicators such as pH, EC, SOC, nitrogen, texture fractions, CaCO₃, water retention parameters (FC, PWP, AW), bulk density, porosity, microbial β-glucosidase activity, and vegetation biomass. Coordinates of all sampling points are included. Data follow FAIR principles and are provided under the CC BY 4.0 licence to support transparency, reuse, and integration into broader soil health assessments.